---
title: HB 1312. Desai Safety Act; enact
collection: bills
id: 2025-2026/hb1312
cite_as: HB 1312, 2025-2026 Regular Session (Ga.)
canonical_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb1312
md_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb1312.md
text_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb1312/text
source_url: https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/73200
date: 2026-02-18
status: introduced
corpus_version: bills-2026-09-13
license: Public record of the Georgia General Assembly, via LegiScan; see about.md
publisher: Georgia Commons, an independent project of Georgia Civic Data. Not the State of Georgia. Not legal advice.
up: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026.md
previous: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb1311.md
next: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb1313.md
index: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/index.md
omitted: votes and history
omitted_chars: 129
omitted_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb1312.md?full=1
bill_number: HB 1312
session: 2025-2026 Regular Session
session_slug: 2025-2026
chamber: House
bill_type: bill
status_date: 2026-02-12
last_action: House Second Readers
sponsors:
- Mary Ann Santos
- Omari Crawford
- Terry Cummings
text_version: Introduced
has_text: true
legiscan_url: https://legiscan.com/GA/bill/HB1312/2025
upstream_id: 2116162
summaries_model: claude-sonnet-5
topic_tags:
- gun control
- domestic violence
- protective orders
- firearm possession laws
- criminal penalties
---
# HB 1312. Desai Safety Act; enact
## Text
House Bill 1312
By: Representatives Santos of the 117th and Crawford of the 89th
A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
To amend Part 3 of Article 4 of Chapter 11 of Title 16 and Title 19 of the Official Code of
Georgia Annotated, relating to carrying and possession of firearms and domestic relations,
respectively, so as to prohibit persons subject to a protective order for family violence or
dating violence from possessing a firearm or ammunition; to provide for penalties; to require
reporting by the court issuing such prohibition; to require the surrender or transfer of firearms
or ammunition in such person's possession; to provide for petitions for return of firearms or
ammunition and restoration of rights; to provide for the adoption of procedures; to provide
for applicability; to provide for definitions; to provide for a short title; to provide for related
matters; to repeal conflicting laws; and for other purposes.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA:
SECTION 1.
This Act shall be known and may be cited as the "Desai Safety Act."
SECTION 2.
Part 3 of Article 4 of Chapter 11 of Title 16 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated,
relating to carrying and possession of firearms, is amended in Code Section 16-11-131,
relating to possession of firearms by convicted felons and first offender probationers, by
revising subsections (a) through (c) and adding a new subsection to read as follows:
"(a) As used in this Code section, the term:
(1) 'Ammunition' means cartridges, primers, bullets, or other projectiles or components
designed or intended for use in any firearm.
(2) 'Antique firearm' means:
(A) Any firearm manufactured on or before 1898, including, but not limited to, any
firearm with a matchlock, flintlock, percussion cap, or similar type of ignition system;
(B) Any replica of any firearm described in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph if such
replica:
(i) Is not designed or redesigned for using rimfire or conventional center-fire fixed
ammunition; or
(ii) Uses rimfire or conventional center-fire fixed ammunition which is no longer
manufactured in the United States and which is not readily available through the
ordinary channels of commercial trade; or
(C) Any muzzle-loading rifle, muzzle-loading shotgun, or muzzle-loading pistol which
is designed to use black powder, or a black powder substitute, and which cannot use
fixed ammunition. Such term shall not include a weapon which incorporates a firearm
frame or receiver, a firearm which is converted into a muzzle-loading firearm, or a
muzzle-loading firearm which can be readily converted to fire fixed ammunition by
replacing the barrel, bolt, breechblock, or any combination thereof.
(1)(3) 'Felony' means any offense punishable by imprisonment for a term of one year or
more and includes conviction by a court-martial under the Uniform Code of Military
Justice for an offense which would constitute a felony under the laws of the United
States.
(2)(4) 'Firearm' includes any handgun, rifle, shotgun, or other weapon which will or can
be converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive or electrical charge. Such
term shall not include an antique firearm.
(5) 'Protected person' means an individual with whom contact is restricted and who is:
(A) A victim of family violence as such term is set forth in Code Section 19-13-1; or
(B) A victim of dating violence as such term is set forth in Code Section 19-13A-1.
(6) 'Protective order' means:
(A) Any temporary protective order or permanent protective order issued pursuant to
Chapter 13 of Title 19, provided that such order was issued after the restrained person
received notice of the proceedings and an opportunity to be heard; or
(B) Any temporary protective order or permanent protective order issued pursuant to
Chapter 13A of Title 19, provided that such order was issued after the restrained person
received notice of the proceedings and an opportunity to be heard.
(b) Any person who is on probation as a felony first offender pursuant to Article 3 of
Chapter 8 of Title 42, who is on probation and was sentenced for a felony under
subsection (a) or (c) of Code Section 16-13-2, or who has been convicted of a felony by
a court of this state or any other state; by a court of the United States including its
territories, possessions, and dominions; or by a court of any foreign nation and who
receives, possesses, or transports a firearm commits a felony and, upon conviction
thereof, shall be imprisoned for not less than one year nor more than ten years; provided,
however, that upon a second or subsequent conviction, such person shall be imprisoned
for not less than five nor more than ten years; provided, further, that if the felony for
which the person is on probation or has been previously convicted is a forcible felony,
then upon conviction of receiving, possessing, or transporting a firearm, such person shall
be imprisoned for a period of five years.
(b.1) Any person who is prohibited by this Code section from possessing a firearm because
of conviction of a forcible felony or because of being on probation as a first offender or
under conditional discharge for a forcible felony and who attempts to purchase or obtain
transfer of a firearm shall be guilty of a felony and upon conviction shall be punished by
imprisonment for not less than one year nor more than five years; provided, however, that
upon a second or subsequent conviction, such person shall be punished by imprisonment
for not less than five nor more than ten years.
(b.2)(1) Any person who receives, possesses, transports, or attempts to purchase or
obtain a firearm or ammunition while being subject to a protective order commits a
felony and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine of not more than
$10,000.00 or imprisonment for not less than one year nor more than five years, or both.
(2) Any person who knowingly provides false information to a court or law enforcement
officer with the intent to evade the requirements of this subsection shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor.
(3) A person subject to a protective order shall, within 48 hours of service of such order:
(A) Surrender to the court, local law enforcement agency, or a federally licensed
firearms dealer any firearms and ammunition in his or her possession;
(B) Transfer any firearms and ammunition in his or her possession to a person who is
not prohibited from possessing firearms under this article and who is not residing with
the person subject to the protective order and who attests to such by oath or affidavit;
or
(C) Transfer any firearms and ammunition in his or her possession to a federally
licensed firearms dealer for temporary storage.
(4) If a person required to surrender or transfer a firearm or ammunition pursuant to this
subsection fails to surrender or transfer such firearm or ammunition, a law enforcement
officer shall be authorized to seize any firearms or ammunition located in plain view, if
probable cause exists to believe the firearms or ammunition belong to the prohibited
person.
(5) A person who has surrendered firearms or ammunition under this subsection may
petition the court for the return of such firearms or ammunition upon satisfactory
demonstration that he or she is not otherwise prohibited from possessing firearms under
state or federal law and that he or she is no longer subject to a protective order.
(6)(A) When a person is subject to a protective order, the clerk of court shall report the
existence of the order to the Georgia Crime Information Center and to the National
Instant Criminal Background Check System.
(B) The clerk of court shall adopt procedures consistent with state and federal
requirements to submit accurate and timely records and to preserve the confidentiality
of victims where required by law.
(7) Law enforcement agencies shall be authorized to establish protocols consistent with
this subsection to accept surrendered firearms and to document chain of custody.
(8) Nothing in this subsection shall create a private right of action for enforcement by a
private person against another person.
(c) This Code section shall not apply to:
(1) Any any person who has been pardoned for the felony by the President of the United
States, the State Board of Pardons and Paroles, or the person or agency empowered to
grant pardons under the constitutions or laws of the several states or of a foreign nation
and, by the terms of the pardon, has expressly been authorized to receive, possess, or
transport a firearm;
(2) The possession or acquisition of a firearm or ammunition by a person solely because
he or she is a witness in a criminal proceeding, provided that the firearm or ammunition
is held by law enforcement or an authorized third party pursuant to a court order;
(3) The temporary transfer of a firearm to a federally licensed firearms dealer or other
qualified person where such transfer is for the purpose of safe storage, repair, or disposal,
and where the prohibited person does not retain possession or control of such firearm; or
(4) Acts otherwise permitted by state or federal law for peace officers, corrections
officers, or other persons authorized to possess firearms in the performance of official
duties."
SECTION 3.
Title 19 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to domestic relations, is
amended in Code Section 19-13-4, relating to family violence protective orders and consent
agreements, by adding a new subsection to read as follows:
"(a.1) A protective order issued pursuant to subsection (a) of this Code section that was
granted after notice was provided to the respondent and after such respondent was given
an opportunity to be heard on such issue shall prohibit such respondent from receiving,
possessing, or transporting a firearm or ammunition. Such order shall state on its face that
the order creates a firearm prohibition and shall inform the restrained person about the duty
to surrender or transfer firearms and ammunition, the timeframe for such surrender or
transfer, and the penalty for failure to comply pursuant to Code Section 16-11-131. A
respondent's right to receive, possess, or transport a firearm or ammunition shall be restored
upon the cessation of the order issued pursuant to this Code section or, upon petition to the
court, a finding by the court that the respondent no longer possesses a danger to public
safety. Any restoration of such rights shall be reported by the clerk of court to the Georgia
Crime Information Center and to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System,
and any such restoration shall not remove any requirement relating to any reporting
requirements under state or federal law."
SECTION 4.
Said title is further amended in Code Section 19-13A-4, relating to required findings of fact
and authority of court, by adding a new subsection to read as follows:
"(b.1) A protective order granted under this Code section after notice was provided to the
respondent and after such respondent was given an opportunity to be heard on such issue
shall prohibit such respondent from receiving, possessing, or transporting a firearm or
ammunition. Such order shall state on its face that the order creates a firearm prohibition
and shall inform the restrained person about the duty to surrender or transfer firearms and
ammunition, the timeframe for such surrender or transfer, and the penalty for failure to
comply pursuant to Code Section 16-11-131. A respondent's right to receive, possess, or
transport a firearm or ammunition shall be restored upon the cessation of the order issued
pursuant to this Code section or, upon petition to the court, a finding by the court that the
respondent no longer possesses a danger to public safety. Any restoration of such rights
shall be reported by the clerk of court to the Georgia Crime Information Center and to the
National Instant Criminal Background Check System, and any such restoration shall not
remove any requirement relating to any reporting requirements under state or federal law."
SECTION 5.
All laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act are repealed.
## Summaries written by Georgia Commons
The following was written by claude-sonnet-5 from the text above and is not part of the bill. Quote the text, not the summary.
House Bill 1312, the Desai Safety Act, would make it a felony for people under family violence or dating violence protective orders to possess firearms or ammunition, and would require them to surrender or transfer their guns within 48 hours.
### Plain-language summary
Georgia law already bars convicted felons from possessing firearms, but it does not currently prohibit people under civil protective orders for family or dating violence from having guns. This bill changes that by adding a new firearm ban tied to protective orders issued under Georgia's family violence and dating violence laws.
A person served with a qualifying protective order would have 48 hours to surrender their firearms and ammunition to a court, police agency, or licensed gun dealer, or transfer them to someone else who is legally allowed to have them and does not live with the restrained person. Violating the possession ban would be a felony punishable by up to $10,000 in fines and one to five years in prison. Clerks of court would have to report qualifying orders to state and national background check databases, and the bill lays out how a person can petition to get their firearms back once the order ends or a court finds they are no longer a danger.
### What it does
- Makes it a felony, punishable by up to five years in prison and a $10,000 fine, for someone under a qualifying protective order to receive, possess, transport, or try to buy a firearm or ammunition.
- Requires a person served with such an order to surrender or transfer their firearms and ammunition within 48 hours, either to law enforcement, a court, a licensed dealer, or an eligible third party.
- Lets police seize firearms or ammunition in plain view if someone fails to surrender them and there is probable cause the items belong to the restrained person.
- Requires clerks of court to report qualifying protective orders, and later any restoration of rights, to the Georgia Crime Information Center and the national background check system.
- Creates a process for a restrained person to petition a court to get their firearms back and have their rights restored once the order ends or a court finds they are no longer dangerous.
- Adds exceptions for pardoned individuals, witnesses whose firearms are held under court order, temporary transfers for storage or repair, and on-duty peace officers or corrections officers.
### Who it affects
People named as respondents in family violence or dating violence protective orders, victims protected by those orders, superior court clerks who must report the orders, local law enforcement agencies that handle surrendered firearms, and federally licensed firearms dealers who may store or receive transferred guns.
### Why it matters
People under certain protective orders would lose the legal right to keep guns and ammunition and would face a felony charge for holding onto them, while victims would gain a formal mechanism, backed by court reporting and law enforcement seizure authority, meant to keep firearms away from a restrained person during the order.
### Key provisions
- Section 1 names the bill the 'Desai Safety Act.'
- Section 2 amends O.C.G.A. § 16-11-131 to define 'protected person,' 'protective order,' and 'ammunition,' and adds new subsection (b.2) making firearm or ammunition possession by a person under a protective order a felony carrying up to five years in prison and a $10,000 fine.
- Section 2 requires surrender or transfer of firearms and ammunition within 48 hours of being served with a protective order, and allows police to seize items in plain view if the person does not comply.
- Section 2 lets a person petition the court to get firearms back once they show they are no longer prohibited from possessing them and are no longer subject to the order.
- Section 2 requires clerks of court to report protective orders to the Georgia Crime Information Center and the National Instant Criminal Background Check System.
- Section 2 lists exceptions, including pardoned individuals, witnesses in criminal proceedings, temporary transfers for storage or repair, and on-duty peace or corrections officers.
- Sections 3 and 4 amend O.C.G.A. §§ 19-13-4 and 19-13A-4 to require family violence and dating violence protective orders to state on their face that they create a firearm prohibition and explain the surrender process and penalties.
- Sections 3 and 4 provide that firearm rights are restored when the order ends or a court finds the person is no longer a danger, with the restoration also reported to state and national databases.
## Status
- Status: Introduced (2026-02-12)
- Last action: House Second Readers (2026-02-18)
- Sponsors: Mary Ann Santos, Omari Crawford, Terry Cummings
- Official page: https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/73200
> The history, votes, and amendments (129 characters) are at https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb1312.md?full=1