---
title: HB 509. Oath Act; enact
collection: bills
id: 2025-2026/hb509
cite_as: HB 509, 2025-2026 Regular Session (Ga.)
canonical_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb509
md_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb509.md
text_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb509/text
source_url: https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/70482
date: 2025-02-21
status: introduced
corpus_version: bills-2026-09-13
license: Public record of the Georgia General Assembly, via LegiScan; see about.md
publisher: Georgia Commons, an independent project of Georgia Civic Data. Not the State of Georgia. Not legal advice.
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next: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb510.md
index: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/index.md
omitted: votes and history
omitted_chars: 129
omitted_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb509.md?full=1
bill_number: HB 509
session: 2025-2026 Regular Session
session_slug: 2025-2026
chamber: House
bill_type: bill
status_date: 2025-02-19
last_action: House Second Readers
sponsors:
  - Derrick Jackson
  - Lydia Glaize
  - Kim Schofield
  - Viola Davis
text_version: Introduced
has_text: true
legiscan_url: https://legiscan.com/GA/bill/HB509/2025
upstream_id: 1976363
summaries_model: claude-sonnet-5
topic_tags:
  - election rules
  - ballot eligibility
  - insurrection clause
  - office vacancy law
  - presidential electors
---

# HB 509. Oath Act; enact

## Text

House Bill 509
By: Representatives Jackson of the 68th, Glaize of the 67th, Schofield of the 63rd, and Davis
of the 87th
A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
To amend Chapter 2 of Title 21 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to
elections and primaries generally, so as to provide that certain persons disqualified from
holding office pursuant to operation of the United States Constitution shall not be nominated
or elected to office; to provide that certain persons who engage in actions related to the
selection, certification, or voting of presidential elections in violation of state or federal law
shall not be nominated or elected to office; to prohibit election superintendents, political
parties, and political bodies from qualifying or listing on any ballot such persons; to amend
Chapter 5 of Title 45 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to vacation of
office, so as to provide for vacation of office by operation of certain provisions of the United
States Constitution or by engaging in activities that could result in a person being defined as
a subversive person; to provide for related matters; to provide a short title; to provide for
legislative findings and intent; to repeal conflicting laws; and for other purposes.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA:
SECTION 1.
This Act shall be known and may be cited as the "Oath Act."
SECTION 2.
The General Assembly finds that:
(1) Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States,
known as the Insurrection Clause, provides "[n]o person shall be a Senator or
Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office,
civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken
an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of
any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the
Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against
the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of
two-thirds of each House, remove such disability";
(2) The State of Georgia ratified the Fourteenth Amendment on July 27, 1868; and
(3) It is necessary and proper to enact provisions of state law to allow for the enforcement
of the Insurrection Clause.
SECTION 3.
Chapter 2 of Title 21 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to elections and
primaries generally, is amended by revising Code Section 21-2-7, relating to eligibility of
subversive persons for nomination or election to public office, as follows:
"21-2-7.
<ins>(a)</ins> No person who has been adjudged a 'subversive person,' as defined in Part 2 of
Article 1 of Chapter 11 of Title 16, the 'Sedition and Subversive Activities Act of 1953,'
shall be nominated or elected in accordance with this chapter.
<ins>(b) No person shall be a United States senator or representative in Congress, or elector of
President and Vice President of the United States, or hold any office, civil or military, of
this state, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer
of the United States, or as a member of any state legislature, or as an executive or judicial
</ins>
<ins>officer of any state, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in
insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof,
unless such disability has been removed by Congress pursuant to Section 3 of the
Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States.
(c) No person subject to the disability provided for in subsection (b) of this Code section
shall be nominated or elected in accordance with this chapter, nor shall any election
superintendent, political party, or political body qualify as a candidate, or list on any ballot,
for elective office a person so disqualified.
(d) After the effective date of this subsection, no person who has participated in or
certified documentation relating to the selection of or casting of votes by presidential
electors in a manner in violation of the provisions of this chapter or Chapter 1 of Title 3 of
the United States Code shall be nominated or elected in accordance with this chapter, nor
shall any election superintendent, political party, or political body qualify as a candidate,
or list on any ballot, for elective office any such person."
</ins> SECTION 4.
Chapter 5 of Title 45 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to vacation of
office, is amended by revising Code Section 45-5-1, relating to when offices deemed vacated,
filling vacancy, notice, and appeal, as follows:
"45-5-1.
(a) All offices in the state shall be vacated:
(1) By the death of the incumbent;
(2) By resignation, when accepted;
(3) By decision of a competent tribunal declaring the office vacant;
(4) By voluntary act or misfortune of the incumbent whereby he or she is placed in any
of the specified conditions of ineligibility to office;
(5) By the incumbent ceasing to be a resident of the state or of the county, circuit, or
district for which he or she was elected;
(6) By failing to apply for and obtain commissions or certificates or by failing to qualify
or give bond, or both, within the time prescribed by the laws and Constitution of Georgia;
<del>or
</del> (7) By abandoning the office or ceasing to perform its duties, or both;
<ins>(8) By operation of Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the
United States; or
(9) By engaging in activities that could result in a person being defined as a 'subversive
person' under Code Section 16-11-6.
</ins> (b) Upon the occurrence of a vacancy in any office in the state, the officer or body
authorized to fill the vacancy or call for an election to fill the vacancy shall do so without
the necessity of a judicial determination of the occurrence of the vacancy. Before doing
so, however, the officer or body shall give at least ten days' notice to the person whose
office has become vacant, except that such notice shall not be required in the case of a
vacancy caused by death, final conviction of a felony, or written resignation. The decision
of the officer or body to fill the vacancy or call an election to fill the vacancy shall be
subject to an appeal to the superior court; and nothing in this subsection shall affect any
right of any person to seek a judicial determination of the eligibility of any person holding
office in the state. The provisions of this subsection shall apply both to vacancies
occurring under this Code section and to vacancies occurring under other laws of this state.
(c) Any Governor appointed seat of an executive branch board, commission, or council
shall be filled by appointment of the Governor as provided by law when the seat becomes
vacant upon term expiration or when declared vacant by the Governor pursuant to this
Code section."
SECTION 5.
All laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act are repealed.

## Summaries written by Georgia Commons

The following was written by claude-sonnet-5 from the text above and is not part of the bill. Quote the text, not the summary.

House Bill 509, called the Oath Act, would bar Georgians disqualified under the U.S. Constitution's Insurrection Clause from being nominated or elected to office, and would let officials remove sitting officeholders on the same grounds.

### Plain-language summary

Georgia law already blocks anyone found to be a 'subversive person' under a 1953 state law from running for or holding office. This bill adds a second disqualification tied to Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which bars people who took an oath to support the Constitution and later engaged in insurrection or rebellion, unless Congress removes that disability. It also targets anyone who unlawfully participates in or certifies the selection or casting of presidential electors' votes.
The bill directs election superintendents, political parties, and political bodies not to qualify or list such disqualified people on any ballot. It also rewrites Georgia's office-vacancy law (O.C.G.A. § 45-5-1) to say an office becomes vacant if the officeholder falls under the Fourteenth Amendment disqualification or is found to be a subversive person. The bill states legislative findings citing the Insurrection Clause and Georgia's 1868 ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment, and it repeals conflicting laws.

### What it does

- Adds a new disqualification barring people covered by Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment (the Insurrection Clause) from being nominated or elected to Georgia or federal office.
- Bars people who unlawfully participated in or certified presidential elector selection or vote-casting from being nominated or elected to office.
- Prohibits election superintendents, political parties, and political bodies from qualifying or listing disqualified persons on any ballot.
- Amends Georgia's office-vacancy law (O.C.G.A. § 45-5-1) so an office is automatically vacated if the Fourteenth Amendment disqualification applies or the officeholder is found to be a 'subversive person.'
- Keeps the existing bar on nominating or electing anyone already adjudged a 'subversive person' under the 1953 Sedition and Subversive Activities Act.
- States legislative findings quoting the Insurrection Clause and Georgia's 1868 ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment as the basis for the law.

### Who it affects

Candidates for federal or state office who previously took an oath to support the U.S. Constitution, election superintendents, political parties and political bodies that place candidates on ballots, current officeholders subject to removal, and anyone involved in selecting or certifying presidential electors' votes.

### Why it matters

If enacted, Georgia election officials and parties would gain a legal basis to keep certain people off the ballot and to declare an officeholder's seat vacant based on findings tied to insurrection, rebellion, or unlawful presidential elector activity, changing how such disqualifications are enforced under state law.

### Key provisions

- Section 2 lays out legislative findings quoting Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment and noting Georgia ratified the amendment on July 27, 1868.
- Section 3 revises O.C.G.A. § 21-2-7 to add subsections (b) through (d) barring nomination or election of people disqualified under the Insurrection Clause or involved in unlawful presidential elector actions.
- Section 3 also directs election superintendents, political parties, and political bodies not to qualify or list disqualified persons on any ballot.
- Section 4 revises O.C.G.A. § 45-5-1 to add two new grounds for vacating a state office: Fourteenth Amendment disqualification and being defined as a 'subversive person.'
- Section 5 repeals all conflicting laws.

## Status

- Status: Introduced (2025-02-19)
- Last action: House Second Readers (2025-02-21)
- Sponsors: Derrick Jackson, Lydia Glaize, Kim Schofield, Viola Davis
- Official page: https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/70482

> The history, votes, and amendments (129 characters) are at https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/hb509.md?full=1