---
title: SB 585. Rates, Underwriting, and Related Organizations; certain disclosures in property and casualty insurance rate filings concerning climate related risk, catastrophe modeling, and reinsurance costs; require
collection: bills
id: 2025-2026/sb585
cite_as: SB 585, 2025-2026 Regular Session (Ga.)
canonical_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/sb585
md_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/sb585.md
text_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/sb585/text
source_url: https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/73647
date: 2026-02-26
status: introduced
corpus_version: bills-2026-09-13
license: Public record of the Georgia General Assembly, via LegiScan; see about.md
publisher: Georgia Commons, an independent project of Georgia Civic Data. Not the State of Georgia. Not legal advice.
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omitted: votes and history
omitted_chars: 95
omitted_url: https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/sb585.md?full=1
bill_number: SB 585
session: 2025-2026 Regular Session
session_slug: 2025-2026
chamber: Senate
bill_type: bill
status_date: 2026-02-25
last_action: Senate Read and Referred
sponsors:
- Nabilah Islam Parkes
- Nan Orrock
- Harold Jones
- Kenya Wicks
- Nikki Merritt
- Kim Jackson
- Elena Parent
- Gail Davenport
- RaShaun Kemp
- Randal Mangham
text_version: Introduced
has_text: true
legiscan_url: https://legiscan.com/GA/bill/SB585/2025
upstream_id: 2124795
summaries_model: claude-sonnet-5
topic_tags:
- property insurance rates
- climate risk disclosure
- homeowners insurance
- insurance regulation
- natural disaster mitigation
---
# SB 585. Rates, Underwriting, and Related Organizations; certain disclosures in property and casualty insurance rate filings concerning climate related risk, catastrophe modeling, and reinsurance costs; require
## Text
Senate Bill 585
By: Senators Parkes of the 7th, Orrock of the 36th, Jones II of the 22nd, Wicks of the 34th,
Merritt of the 9th and others
A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
To amend Chapter 9 of Title 33 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to
regulation of rates, underwriting rules, and related organizations, so as to require certain
disclosures in property and casualty insurance rate filings concerning climate related risk,
catastrophe modeling, and reinsurance costs; to require property and casualty insurance
companies to submit certain information to the Department; to require such department to
create a database; to require the Commissioner to provide a reduction in certain rates; to
provide for public reporting; to provide for enforcement; to provide for rules and regulations;
to provide for definitions; to provide for legislative findings and purpose; to provide for
related matters; to provide for an effective date and applicability; to repeal conflicting laws;
and for other purposes.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA:
SECTION 1.
Chapter 9 of Title 33 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to regulation of
rates, underwriting rules, and related organizations, is amended by adding new Code sections
to read as follows:
"33-9-45.
(a)(1) The General Assembly finds and declares that the purpose of this Code section is
to improve transparency, ensure actuarial support, and ensure mitigation and resilience
investments are appropriately reflected in underwriting and pricing to improve
availability and affordability.
(2) Nothing in this Code section is intended to prohibit the consideration of bona fide,
actuarially supported climate risk or catastrophe risk.
(b) As used in this Code section, the term:
(1) 'Catastrophe model' means a tool, instrumentality, means, or product, including a map
based tool, a computer based tool, or a simulation, that is used by an insurer to estimate
potential losses from catastrophic events.
(2) 'Community level mitigation action' means a science based mitigation action as
demonstrated by a community or neighborhood level designation or certification or as
undertaken by a government entity.
(3) 'Natural disaster' means the occurrence or imminent threat of widespread catastrophic
or severe damage, injury, or loss of life or property resulting from any natural cause,
including, but not limited to, fire, flood, earthquake, hurricane, tornado, high water,
landslide, mudslide, wind, storm, wave action, ice storm, air contamination, blight,
drought, infestation, explosion, water contamination, bridge failure, or bridge collapse.
(4) 'Natural disaster risk model' means a tool, instrumentality, means, or product,
including a map based tool, a computer based tool, or a simulation, that is used by an
insurer, in whole or in part, to measure or assess the natural disaster risk associated with
a residential property or community for purposes of rating, classifying, pricing, or
underwriting, including, but not limited to, writing or renewing insurance, based on
natural disaster risk or estimating risks or losses corresponding to the natural disaster risk
classifications.
(5) 'Property specific mitigation action' means a science based mitigation action that
includes a verification and certification process.
(c) No later than January 30, 2027, and annually thereafter, every property and casualty
insurance company doing business in this state shall submit the following information to
the department:
(1) ZIP Code level data on the following topics:
(A) Nonrenewal rates;
(B) Nonpayment cancellation rates;
(C) Other cancellation rates;
(D) Claim frequency rates;
(E) Average claim amounts;
(F) Paid loss ratios; and
(G) Average premiums;
(2) Market share data; and
(3)(A) If utilized, the natural disaster risk model or catastrophe model or scoring
method used to assign risk.
(B) The following information about a natural disaster risk model or catastrophe model
or scoring method shall be submitted:
(i) A description of such model or method;
(ii) The impact of such model or method on rates;
(iii) An actuarial justification for all rating factors, including mitigation discounts
offered; and
(iv) An explanation of the use of the model or method in underwriting decisions.
(C) Any model or method submitted to the department pursuant to this paragraph shall
be treated as a trade secret and shall not be subject to disclosure.
(D) Any property or casualty insurance company that uses a natural disaster risk
model, a catastrophe model, or a combination of models shall ensure the following
factors are either incorporated in the natural disaster risk model, catastrophe model, or
combination of models or are otherwise demonstrably included in such property and
casualty insurance company's underwriting and pricing:
(i) Property specific mitigation actions such as establishing defensible space,
incorporating building hardening measures, or receiving certification from an entity
with experience in mitigation of properties against natural disasters; and
(ii) Community level mitigation activities or designations, including forest treatment
and other fuel reduction activities.
(E) Any property and casualty insurance company that uses a natural disaster risk model
or a catastrophe model or scoring method to assign risk shall also include the information
required in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph in any rate filing submitted to the
superintendent by such property and casualty insurance company.
(d) The department shall create and maintain a public facing database where policy holders
can access the market share data submitted by property and casualty insurance companies
pursuant to paragraph (2) of subsection (c) of this Code section.
33-9-46.
(a) As used in this Code section, the term:
(1) 'Community level mitigation action' means a science based mitigation action as
demonstrated by a community or neighborhood level designation or certification or as
undertaken by a government entity.
(2) 'Natural disaster' means the occurrence or imminent threat of widespread catastrophic
or severe damage, injury, or loss of life or property resulting from any natural cause,
including, but not limited to, fire, flood, earthquake, hurricane, tornado, high water,
landslide, mudslide, wind, storm, wave action, ice storm, air contamination, blight,
drought, infestation, explosion, water contamination, bridge failure, or bridge collapse.
(3) 'Natural disaster risk model' means a tool, instrumentality, means, or product,
including a map based tool, a computer based tool, or a simulation, that is used by an
insurer, in whole or in part, to measure or assess the natural disaster risk associated with
a residential property or community for purposes of rating, classifying, pricing, or
underwriting, including, but not limited to, writing or renewing insurance, based on
natural disaster risk or estimating risks or losses corresponding to the natural disaster risk
classifications.
(4) 'Property specific mitigation action' means a science based mitigation action that
includes a verification and certification process.
(b) The Commissioner shall provide for an actuarially appropriate reduction in the rates
of homeowners insurance premiums and property and casualty insurance premiums
applicable to residential real property for policy holders who can demonstrate that property
specific mitigation actions have been undertaken on the property or community level
mitigation actions have been undertaken in sufficient proximity to the property to reduce
the risk of loss from a natural disaster. The Commissioner shall by regulation establish a
process for policy holders to demonstrate such mitigation actions have occurred.
(c) An insurer shall post on its public website readily accessible information on the
premium discounts, incentives, or other premium adjustments that are available to policy
holders of homeowners insurance or property and casualty insurance applicable to
residential real property who undertake property-specific mitigation actions or provide
evidence of community level mitigation actions. The website shall identify, as applicable:
(1) Property specific mitigation actions for the policy holder to undertake and
community level mitigation actions, as determined by the Commissioner, that could result
in a discount, incentive, or other premium adjustment; and
(2) The amount of the discount, incentive, or other premium adjustment associated with
each action.
(d)(1) An insurer that provides a mitigation discount or that uses a natural disaster risk
model or risk score to underwrite, nonrenew, price, create a rate differential, or surcharge
the premium based upon the policy holder's or applicant's natural disaster risk shall
provide an annual written notice to each policy holder or applicant upon application for
insurance of the applicable mitigation discounts, the natural disaster risk score, and any
other natural disaster risk classification used by the insurer to underwrite, nonrenew,
price, create a rate differential, or surcharge the premium based upon the policy holder's
or applicant's natural disaster risk.
(2) Such notice shall include:
(A) A plain language explanation of the natural disaster risk score or other natural
disaster risk classification, including an explanation that insurers may use different
models and have different risk score changes that could result in different risk scores
from other insurers;
(B) The range of the scores or classifications that could potentially be assigned to the
property;
(C) The relative position of the score or classification assigned to the property within
that range of possible scores or classifications provided by the insurer's risk model;
(D) A written explanation of why the policy holder or applicant received the assigned
score or classification that identifies the primary features of the property that influenced
the assignment of the score or classification; and
(E) The impact, if any, that each property specific mitigation or community level
mitigation action could have on a natural disaster risk score or classification assigned
to the property.
(e) A policy holder or applicant for a policy of insurance whose natural disaster risk model
score, natural disaster risk classification assigned to the property, or applicable mitigation
discount is inaccurate and provides evidence of the property specific or community level
mitigation action may appeal the score directly to the insurer. The insurer shall notify the
policy holder or applicant in writing of the right to appeal the natural disaster risk score or
other natural disaster risk classification or applicable mitigation discount when the score
or classification or discount is provided to the policy holder or applicant as required by this
subsection. If the policy holder or applicant appeals the natural disaster risk score or other
natural disaster risk classification or applicable discount, the insurer shall acknowledge
receipt of the appeal in writing within ten calendar days after receipt of the appeal. The
insurer shall respond to the appeal in writing with a reconsideration and decision within 30
calendar days after receiving the appeal. If an appeal is denied, the insurer shall, upon
request by the Commissioner, forward a copy of the appeal and the insurer's response to
the Commissioner."
SECTION 2.
This Act shall become effective on January 1, 2027, and shall apply to all property insurance
rate filings submitted on or after such date.
SECTION 3.
All laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act are repealed.
## Summaries written by Georgia Commons
The following was written by claude-sonnet-5 from the text above and is not part of the bill. Quote the text, not the summary.
A Georgia Senate bill would require property and casualty insurance companies to disclose data on climate risk models, mitigation discounts, and natural disaster risk scores, and would require the state to give rate reductions for mitigation efforts.
### Plain-language summary
Georgia law currently does not require insurers to disclose how they use catastrophe and natural disaster risk models when setting home and property insurance rates. This bill adds two new sections to the state's insurance code (O.C.G.A. Title 33, Chapter 9) addressing that gap.
Starting January 30, 2027, insurers would have to annually submit ZIP code level data on nonrenewals, cancellations, claims, and premiums to the Department of Insurance, along with descriptions of any catastrophe or natural disaster risk models they use. The department would build a public database of market share data. The Insurance Commissioner would be required to set actuarially appropriate rate reductions for policyholders who take mitigation steps, such as building hardening or community wildfire fuel reduction. Insurers would also have to post mitigation discount information online, give policyholders written explanations of their risk scores, and allow appeals of inaccurate scores. The law would take effect January 1, 2027 and apply to rate filings submitted on or after that date.
### What it does
- Requires property and casualty insurers to submit annual ZIP code level data on nonrenewals, cancellations, claims, losses, and premiums to the Department of Insurance starting January 30, 2027.
- Requires insurers using catastrophe or natural disaster risk models to disclose how those models affect rates and to justify rating factors with actuarial support, though the models themselves stay protected as trade secrets.
- Requires the Department of Insurance to build a public database showing market share data submitted by insurers.
- Requires the Commissioner to set an actuarially appropriate rate reduction for homeowners and property insurance policyholders who complete property or community level mitigation actions, such as building hardening or defensible space.
- Requires insurers to post mitigation discount information on their websites and give policyholders annual written notices explaining their natural disaster risk scores.
- Creates an appeal process letting policyholders challenge an inaccurate risk score or mitigation discount, with insurers required to respond in writing within 30 days.
### Who it affects
Property and casualty insurance companies operating in Georgia, homeowners and other residential property policyholders, applicants for homeowners insurance, and the Georgia Department of Insurance and Insurance Commissioner, who would gain new data collection, database, and rulemaking duties.
### Why it matters
Homeowners could see clearer explanations of why their premiums or risk scores are what they are, access mitigation discounts more easily, and appeal scores they believe are wrong. Insurers would face new reporting duties and could be required to lower rates for policyholders who take steps like building hardening.
### Key provisions
- New Code Section 33-9-45 requires insurers to submit annual ZIP code level data (nonrenewals, cancellations, claims, premiums) to the Department of Insurance starting January 30, 2027.
- Section 33-9-45(c)(3) requires disclosure of any natural disaster risk model or catastrophe model used, its impact on rates, and actuarial justification for rating factors, though the model itself is treated as a trade secret exempt from disclosure.
- Section 33-9-45(d) requires the department to create a public database showing market share data for policyholders to view.
- New Code Section 33-9-46(b) requires the Commissioner to set an actuarially appropriate rate reduction for policyholders who demonstrate property or community level mitigation actions.
- Section 33-9-46(c) requires insurers to post mitigation discount and incentive information on their public websites.
- Section 33-9-46(d) requires an annual written notice to policyholders explaining their natural disaster risk score, its range, and what influenced it.
- Section 33-9-46(e) creates an appeal process for inaccurate risk scores, requiring insurers to acknowledge appeals within 10 days and respond within 30 days.
- Section 2 sets the effective date as January 1, 2027, applying to property insurance rate filings submitted on or after that date.
## Status
- Status: Introduced (2026-02-25)
- Last action: Senate Read and Referred (2026-02-26)
- Sponsors: Nabilah Islam Parkes, Nan Orrock, Harold Jones, Kenya Wicks, Nikki Merritt, Kim Jackson, Elena Parent, Gail Davenport, RaShaun Kemp, Randal Mangham
- Official page: https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/73647
> The history, votes, and amendments (95 characters) are at https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/sb585.md?full=1