---
title: O.C.G.A. § 11-12-102. Definitions.
collection: code
id: 11-12-102
cite_as: O.C.G.A. § 11-12-102 (2025)
canonical_url: https://georgiacommons.org/code/11-12-102
md_url: https://georgiacommons.org/code/11-12-102.md
text_url: https://georgiacommons.org/code/11-12-102/text
source_url: https://www.legis.ga.gov/api/document/docs/default-source/joint-features-document-library/t11-(v9)-pdf.pdf?sfvrsn=df925151_0#page=159
date: 2025
status: active
corpus_version: 2025-supplement-89aa39ab3c68
license: CC0-1.0
publisher: Georgia Commons, an independent project of Georgia Civic Data. Not the State of Georgia. Not legal advice.
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version: the only printed version
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current_through: Including Acts of the 2025 Regular Session of the General Assembly
heading_path: COMMERCIAL CODE / CONTROLLABLE ELECTRONIC RECORDS
---

# O.C.G.A. § 11-12-102. Definitions.

(a) Article 12 definitions. As used in this article, the term:

(1) “Controllable electronic record” means a record stored in an electronic medium that can be subjected to control under Code Section 11-12-105. The term does not include a controllable account, a controllable payment intangible, a deposit account, an electronic copy of a record evidencing chattel paper, an electronic document of title, electronic money, investment property, or a transferable record.

(2) “Qualifying purchaser” means a purchaser of a controllable electronic record or an interest in a controllable electronic record that obtains control of the controllable electronic record for value, in good faith, and without notice of a claim of a property right in the controllable electronic record.

(3) “Transferable record” has the meaning provided for that term in:

(A) Section 201(a)(1) of the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 7021(a)(1), as amended; or

(B) Subsection (a) of Code Section 10-12-16.

(4) “Value” has the meaning provided in subsection (a) of Code Section 11-3-303, as if references in that subsection to an “instrument” were references to a controllable account, controllable electronic record, or controllable payment intangible.

(b) Definitions in Article 9. The definitions in Article 9 of this title of “account debtor,” “controllable account,” “controllable payment intangible,” “chattel paper,” “deposit account,” “electronic money,” and “investment property” apply to this article.

(c) Article 1 definitions and principles. Article 1 of this title contains general definitions and principles of construction and interpretation applicable throughout this article.

## History

Code 1981, § 11-12-102, enacted by Ga. L. 2024, p. 817, § 3-1/HB 1240, effective July 1, 2024.

## Editor's Notes

Ga. L. 2024, p. 817, § 2-1/HB 1240, effective July 1, 2024, redesignated former Code Section 11-12-102 as present Code Section 11-13-102.