---
title: O.C.G.A. § 24-1-103. Rulings on evidence.
collection: code
id: 24-1-103
cite_as: O.C.G.A. § 24-1-103 (2025)
canonical_url: https://georgiacommons.org/code/24-1-103
md_url: https://georgiacommons.org/code/24-1-103.md
text_url: https://georgiacommons.org/code/24-1-103/text
source_url: https://www.legis.ga.gov/api/document/docs/default-source/joint-features-document-library/t24-ch1-7-(v20)-2023-pdf.pdf?sfvrsn=27d520aa_0#page=31
date: 2025
status: active
corpus_version: 2025-supplement-89aa39ab3c68
license: CC0-1.0
publisher: Georgia Commons, an independent project of Georgia Civic Data. Not the State of Georgia. Not legal advice.
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version: the only printed version
in_force: true
current_through: Including Acts of the 2025 Regular Session of the General Assembly
heading_path: EVIDENCE / GENERAL PROVISIONS / GENERAL EVIDENTIARY MATTERS
---

# O.C.G.A. § 24-1-103. Rulings on evidence.

(a) Error shall not be predicated upon a ruling which admits or excludes evidence unless a substantial right of the party is affected and:

(1) In case the ruling is one admitting evidence, a timely objection or motion to strike appears of record, stating the specific ground of objection, if the specific ground was not apparent from the context; or

(2) In case the ruling is one excluding evidence, the substance of the evidence was made known to the court by an offer of proof or was apparent from the context within which questions were asked.

Once the court makes a definitive ruling on the record admitting or excluding any evidence, either at or before trial, a party need not renew an objection or offer of proof to preserve such claim of error for appeal.

(b) The court shall accord the parties adequate opportunity to state grounds for objections and present offers of proof. The court may add any other or further statement which shows the character of the evidence, the form in which it was offered, the objection made, and the ruling thereon. The court may direct the making of an offer of proof in question and answer form.

(c) Jury proceedings shall be conducted, to the extent practicable, so as to prevent inadmissible evidence from being suggested to the jury by any means, including, but not limited to, making statements or offers of proof or asking questions in the hearing of the jury.

(d) Nothing in this Code section shall preclude a court from taking notice of plain errors affecting substantial rights although such errors were not brought to the attention of the court.

## History

Code 1981, § 24-1-103, enacted by Ga. L. 2011, p. 99, § 2/HB 24.

## Cross References

Rulings on evidence, Fed. R. Evid. 103.

## Law Reviews

For article with annual survey on trial practice and procedure, see 73 Mercer L. Rev. 265 (2021).