---
title: O.C.G.A. § 33-20A-38. Organizational and employee liability.
collection: code
id: 33-20A-38
cite_as: O.C.G.A. § 33-20A-38 (2025)
canonical_url: https://georgiacommons.org/code/33-20A-38
md_url: https://georgiacommons.org/code/33-20A-38.md
text_url: https://georgiacommons.org/code/33-20A-38/text
source_url: https://www.legis.ga.gov/api/document/docs/default-source/joint-features-document-library/t33-ch1-22-(v24)-2020-pdf.pdf?sfvrsn=a873240d_0#page=832
date: 2025
status: active
corpus_version: 2025-supplement-89aa39ab3c68
license: CC0-1.0
publisher: Georgia Commons, an independent project of Georgia Civic Data. Not the State of Georgia. Not legal advice.
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version: the only printed version
in_force: true
current_through: Including Acts of the 2025 Regular Session of the General Assembly
heading_path: INSURANCE / MANAGED HEALTH CARE PLANS / PATIENT’S RIGHT TO INDEPENDENT REVIEW
---

# O.C.G.A. § 33-20A-38. Organizational and employee liability.

Neither an independent review organization nor its employees, agents, or contractors shall be liable for damages arising from determinations made pursuant to this article, unless an act or omission thereof is made in bad faith or through gross negligence, constitutes fraud or willful misconduct, or demonstrates malice, wantonness, oppression, or that entire want of care which would raise the presumption of conscious indifference to the consequences.

## History

Code 1981, § 33-20A-38, enacted by Ga. L. 1999, p. 350, § 3; Ga. L. 2005, p. 1438, § 2/SB 140.

## Code Commission Notes

Pursuant to Code Section 28-9-5, in 1999, ‘‘an’’ was inserted near the beginning of this Code section.