Georgia Commons

Title 44. PROPERTY

Chapter 14. MORTGAGES, CONVEYANCES TO SECURE DEBT, AND LIENS

229 sections · 44-14-1 to 44-14-613

Article 1. IN GENERAL

  1. 44-14-1Operation of “open-end” clauses; limited to ex contractu obligations between parties.
  2. 44-14-2What advances secured by mortgage or conveyance to secure debt; effect of recorded transfer of property subject to “open-end” clause; notice of transfer.
  3. 44-14-3Furnishing of cancellation by grantee or holder upon payment; liability for failure to comply; cancellation of instrument after failure to comply; liability of agents.
  4. 44-14-4Procedure for recording cancellation of mortgage.
  5. 44-14-5Practices prohibited in connection with certain residential real estate transactions.
  6. 44-14-6Wrongful sale or removal of mortgaged property; penalty.
  7. 44-14-7Selling or disposing of motor vehicle securing bill of sale with intent to defraud; penalty.
  8. 44-14-8Removal or other disposal of encumbered property in order to hinder levy; penalty; venue.
  9. 44-14-9Aiding and abetting removal or other disposal; venue; conviction not dependent upon principal’s conviction.
  10. 44-14-10Search for property where defendant has no permanent abode; venue of prosecution.
  11. 44-14-11Entry of nulla bona; shifting of burden of proof.
  12. 44-14-12Deceiving as to existence of lien; making second deed of conveyance; penalty.
  13. 44-14-13Disbursement of settlement proceeds; delivery of loan funds to settlement agent by lender; damages.
  14. 44-14-14Vacant and foreclosed real property registries; definitions; fees and penalties for registration.
  15. 44-14-15Fee for a future conveyance; limited circumstances.

Article 2. MORTGAGES

  1. 44-14-30Mortgage as security only; effect on title.
  2. 44-14-31Form and contents of mortgage.
  3. 44-14-32Use of parol evidence to prove apparent deed a mortgage.
  4. 44-14-33Attestation or acknowledgment of mortgage; additional witness in case of land; constructive notice.
  5. 44-14-34Signing of mortgages executed outside state.
  6. 44-14-35Recording of mortgages on realty; effect of renewed mortgage as lien absent recordation.
  7. 44-14-35.1Property covered by mortgage or bill of sale to secure debt; mortgage or bill given to secure bond issue.
  8. 44-14-36Registry of mortgages on property of railroads and other utilities.
  9. 44-14-37Effect of failure to record.Reserved
  10. 44-14-38Admission of mortgages into evidence.Reserved
  11. 44-14-39Effect of defective record as notice.
  12. 44-14-40Probate of mortgages.
  13. 44-14-41Tacking of mortgages.
  14. 44-14-42Mortgages to sureties and guarantors.
  15. 44-14-42.1Redemption of property by mortgagor.
  16. 44-14-43Foreclosure of mortgage after note barred by limitations.
  17. 44-14-44Sale of mortgaged land under other process; claiming proceeds of sale.
  18. 44-14-45Forthcoming bond by purchaser of mortgaged personalty; affidavit of mortgagee.
  19. 44-14-46When mortgage fi. fa. may claim proceeds of sale.
  20. 44-14-47Sale of mortgaged property without foreclosure and claim by mortgagee.
  21. 44-14-48Foreclosure by one of several mortgagees; control and distribution of proceeds by court.
  22. 44-14-49Right of holder of mortgage to foreclose in equity.

Article 3. CONVEYANCES TO SECURE DEBT AND BILLS OF SALE · Part 1. IN GENERAL

  1. 44-14-60Deed to secure debt as absolute deed; necessity of bond of title or to reconvey.
  2. 44-14-61Signing of deeds to secure debt and bills of sale.
  3. 44-14-62Out-of-state deeds to secure debt and bills of sale.
  4. 44-14-63Recording of deeds to secure debt and bills of sale to secure debt; effect of failure to record.2 versions
  5. 44-14-64Transfers of deeds to secure debt; execution; partial transfers; transfers by certain financial institutions; requirements for recording; payoff balance.
  6. 44-14-65Fees for transfer of real property covered by deed to secure debt.Reserved
  7. 44-14-66Effect of liens against grantee on grantor’s right to reconvey; effect of reconveyance in event of grantor’s prior death.
  8. 44-14-67Cancellation of deed as reconveyance of title.

Article 3. CONVEYANCES TO SECURE DEBT AND BILLS OF SALE · Part 2. REVERSION

  1. 44-14-80Reversion of realty to grantor; renewals and affidavits; effect; fees; construction of Code section.
  2. 44-14-81When power of sale barred.
  3. 44-14-82When action to recover barred.
  4. 44-14-83Actions to foreclose and exercise of powers of sale after reversion.
  5. 44-14-84Effect of grantor relinquishing possession in settlement of debt.
  6. 44-14-85Withdrawal of foreclosure proceedings after acceleration of maturity of indebtedness; effect on running of statute of limitations; rescission of acceleration.

Article 4. SECURITY AGREEMENTS RELATING TO CROPS

  1. 44-14-100Tree growing and fruit producing as agricultural pursuits; gum producers as farmers.
  2. 44-14-101Crops as personalty.

Article 5. TRUST DEEDS

  1. 44-14-120Enforcement of rights; petition; order.
  2. 44-14-121Defense by maker; when and how made; affidavit.
  3. 44-14-122Action against maker’s personal representative.
  4. 44-14-123Trial of issues.
  5. 44-14-124Judgment; lien thereof; levy and sale of the land.
  6. 44-14-125Disposition of proceeds of sale; surplus.
  7. 44-14-126Debt due in installments; treatment of surplus.

Article 6. EXPIRATION AND EXTENSION OF INSTRUMENTS AFFECTING PERSONALTY

  1. 44-14-140Expiration of notice effected by recording of mortgage or other security instrument on personalty.
  2. 44-14-141Extension of time period; affidavit.
  3. 44-14-142Recording of affidavit; indexing; fee.
  4. 44-14-143Limitations on instruments filed before March 31, 1937.
  5. 44-14-144Exclusion of public utility corporations from coverage of Code Sections 44-14-140 through 44-14-143.

Article 7. FORECLOSURE · Part 1. IN GENERAL

  1. 44-14-160Filing of foreclosure and deed under power; penalty for late payment.
  2. 44-14-161Sales made on foreclosure under power of sale; when deficiency judgment allowed; confirmation and approval; notice and hearing; resale.
  3. 44-14-162Sales made on foreclosure under power of sale; manner of advertisement and conduct necessary for validity; filing.
  4. 44-14-162.1“Debtor” defined.
  5. 44-14-162.2Mailing or delivery of notice to debtor; procedure.
  6. 44-14-162.3Waiver or release of notice requirement.
  7. 44-14-162.4Recitals in deeds as to meeting of notice requirement.
  8. 44-14-163Vacation of certain judgments prior to sale; jurisdiction, power, and authority.
  9. 44-14-164Vacation of certain judgments prior to sale; cancellation of execution; invalidation of deed made for purpose of levy and sale; notation on record.
  10. 44-14-165Vacation of certain judgments prior to sale; effect.

Article 7. FORECLOSURE · Part 2. FORECLOSURE ON MORTGAGES

  1. 44-14-180Manner of foreclosing; petition; rule; venue.
  2. 44-14-181Proceedings by personal representative when mortgagee deceased.
  3. 44-14-182Foreclosure by transferee.
  4. 44-14-183Proceedings against personal representative when mortgagor deceased.
  5. 44-14-184Defense against foreclosure; verification.
  6. 44-14-185Defenses by third persons; right of purchaser not party to foreclosure to go behind judgment.
  7. 44-14-186Jury trial.
  8. 44-14-187Judgment; sale of mortgaged property.
  9. 44-14-188Effect of judgment on one purchasing during pendency of proceedings.
  10. 44-14-189Rights of purchaser at void or irregular sale.
  11. 44-14-190Disposition of proceeds.
  12. 44-14-191Treatment of proceeds of sale when debt due in installments.

Article 7. FORECLOSURE · Part 3. FORECLOSURE OF DEEDS TO SECURE DEBT, PURCHASE CONTRACTS, AND BONDS FOR TITLE

  1. 44-14-210Execution and recordation of quitclaim deed following judgment; levy and sale; disposition of proceeds; notice.
  2. 44-14-211Attachment against grantor in deed to realty to secure debt; execution and recordation of quitclaim, levy, and deed following judgment; sale; disposition of proceeds.

Article 7. FORECLOSURE · Part 4. FORECLOSURES ON PERSONALTY

  1. 44-14-230Authority to foreclose; execution; sale.
  2. 44-14-231Petition for writ of possession; affidavit.
  3. 44-14-232Summons; service on defendant; debtor’s duty to notify creditor of address changes; form.
  4. 44-14-233Answer; reopening the default; granting writ upon default; trial; order to turn over property to sheriff or other.
  5. 44-14-234Payment into court; issuance of writ; possession and disposition of property pending resolution; disposition of payments.
  6. 44-14-235Appeals; possession pending appeal.
  7. 44-14-236Execution and levy; retention by plaintiff; sale.
  8. 44-14-237Transfer, movement, or conveyance of property by defendant after posting of bond.
  9. 44-14-238Foreclosure when debts due in installments; treatment of surplus.
  10. 44-14-239Foreclosure before debt due; grounds; affidavit.
  11. 44-14-240Foreclosure before debt due; levy and sale; disposition of proceeds.
  12. 44-14-241Foreclosure before debt due; affidavit of illegality; bond; trial of issue.
  13. 44-14-260Definitions.
  14. 44-14-261Petition for immediate writ of possession; verification; exemption of consumer transactions.
  15. 44-14-262Grounds for immediate writ of possession.
  16. 44-14-263Bond or waiver required.
  17. 44-14-264Issuance of writ; procedure when showing insufficient.
  18. 44-14-265Service of notice to defendant.
  19. 44-14-266Execution and levy.
  20. 44-14-267Time for filing defenses.
  21. 44-14-268Motion for dissolution of writ; payment of claim or furnishing of bond; procedure upon dissolution of writ.
  22. 44-14-269Default judgment.
  23. 44-14-280Manner of foreclosure.
  24. 44-14-281Proceedings after foreclosure; defenses.
  25. 44-14-282Levy and sale following execution and recording of bill of sale to defendant; priorities; disposition of proceeds.
  26. 44-14-300Amount of mortgage; filing of affidavit; execution.
  27. 44-14-301Notice to mortgagor.
  28. 44-14-302Levy and sale of property; advertisement.
  29. 44-14-303Defenses by mortgagor; hearing in magistrate’s court.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 1. IN GENERAL

  1. 44-14-320Certain liens established; removal of nonconforming liens.
  2. 44-14-321Lien of judgment on debt given for purchase money; priority.
  3. 44-14-322Vendor’s equitable lien abolished.
  4. 44-14-323Rank of liens according to date.
  5. 44-14-324Assignment of liens; rights of assignee.
  6. 44-14-325Transfers and assignments of evidences of indebtedness secured by lien; how made.
  7. 44-14-326Transfers and assignments of evidences of indebtedness secured by lien; effect as transfer of lien.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 2. LANDLORDS

  1. 44-14-340Lien for farming supplies, equipment and other items furnished tenant; operation of law or special contract; enforcement; duty to inform; priorities.
  2. 44-14-341Special lien on tenant’s crops; priorities; general lien on tenant’s property.
  3. 44-14-342Priority and date of general liens; date of special liens for rent; enforcement of liens.
  4. 44-14-343Enforcement of special lien for rent by distress warrant.
  5. 44-14-344Special lien for rent in favor of transferee of rent contract; when lien arises.
  6. 44-14-345Special lien for rent in favor of transferee of rent contract; foreclosure by transferee.
  7. 44-14-346Giving false information as to liens; penalty.
  8. 44-14-347Unlawful purchase of corn or cotton from tenant or laborer after notice of disability to sell; penalty.
  9. 44-14-348Unlawful sale of farm products on which lien exists; penalty.
  10. 44-14-349Priority of liens affecting manufactured and mobile homes.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 3. MECHANICS AND MATERIALMEN

  1. 44-14-360Definitions.
  2. 44-14-361Creation of liens; property to which lien attaches; items to be included in lien.
  3. 44-14-361.1How liens declared and created; amendment; record; commencement of action; notice; priorities; parties; limitation on aggregate amount of liens.
  4. 44-14-361.2Dissolution of lien.
  5. 44-14-361.3Preliminary notice of lien; form; notice to contractor; filing; necessity of preliminary notice.
  6. 44-14-361.4Cancellation or expiration of preliminary notice; demand for filing of claim of lien.
  7. 44-14-361.5Liens of persons without privity of contract.
  8. 44-14-362Cancellation of preliminary notice upon final payment; form of cancellation.
  9. 44-14-363Special liens on personalty; notice; enforcement; priorities; maximum claims for storage; recordation.
  10. 44-14-364Release of lien on approval of bond; amount; real property bonds; schedule, affidavit, and recordation; superior court clerk held harmless for good faith discretionary acts in connection with bond approval.
  11. 44-14-365Rights as to liens of partnerships, corporations, and associations made up of or employing registered architects, foresters, land surveyors, professional engineers, or interior designers.
  12. 44-14-366Waiver of lien or claim upon bond in advance of furnishing labor, services, or materials void; interim waiver and release upon payment; unconditional waiver and release upon final payment; affidavit of nonpayment.
  13. 44-14-367Notice; required statement.
  14. 44-14-368Notice of contest of lien.
  15. 44-14-369Computation of certain time periods.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 4. LABORERS

  1. 44-14-380General lien; priorities.
  2. 44-14-381Special lien; priorities.
  3. 44-14-382When laborers’ liens arise; priority of conflicting liens.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 5. PAWNBROKERS, FACTORS, BAILEES, ACCEPTORS, AND DEPOSITORIES

  1. 44-14-400Liens of pawnbrokers, factors, bailees, and acceptors; priorities.
  2. 44-14-401Depositories’ liens; loss of liens under this Code section and Code Section 44-14-400; priorities.
  3. 44-14-402Liens of depositories for hire.
  4. 44-14-403Lien of pawnbroker; action for interference; grace period on pawn transactions; extension or continuation of maturity date; redemption of goods after maturity date.
  5. 44-14-404Factor’s lien; extent; attachment to proceeds.
  6. 44-14-405Satisfaction of factors’ and acceptors’ liens.
  7. 44-14-406Livery stable keepers; lien by retaining possession; priorities.
  8. 44-14-407Procedure for livery stable keepers acquriing lien; recording; enforcement.
  9. 44-14-408Satisfaction of liens of pawnbrokers and livery stable keepers.
  10. 44-14-409Special lien of bailee for hire of labor and service; effect of delivery of a part.
  11. 44-14-410Depositories of involuntary, gratuitous, or naked deposits; lien; authorization to open containers; notice to owner.
  12. 44-14-411Sale by depositories of property at public auction; notice.
  13. 44-14-411.1Repossessor of motor vehicle as involuntary, gratuitous, or naked depository of personal property found therein; disposition of personal property.
  14. 44-14-412Disposition of proceeds of sale; one-year limitation for claims of owner.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 6. JEWELERS

  1. 44-14-430Lien for repairs; sale after one year.
  2. 44-14-431Publication and mailing of notice.
  3. 44-14-432Sale at public auction before courthouse.
  4. 44-14-433Disposition of proceeds of sale; one-year limitation for claims of owner; disposition of residue.
  5. 44-14-434Display of sign as to intention to sell.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 7. LAUNDRIES, CLEANERS, AND TAILORS

  1. 44-14-450Creation of lien.
  2. 44-14-451Enforcement of lien; retention of possession; attachment to articles acquired after delivery made.
  3. 44-14-452Priority; method of foreclosure.
  4. 44-14-453Sale of goods after 90 days; sale of goods within 120 days where notice provided.
  5. 44-14-454Notice of sale.
  6. 44-14-455Disposition of proceeds of sale.
  7. 44-14-456Cumulative remedies for satisfaction.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 7A. REPAIR OF EQUIPMENT

  1. 44-14-460Creation of lien.
  2. 44-14-461Right to retain possession; forfeiture of lien.
  3. 44-14-462Priority; foreclosure.
  4. 44-14-463Sale of goods after 60 days.
  5. 44-14-464Notice of sale.
  6. 44-14-465Disposition of proceeds of sale.
  7. 44-14-466Cumulative remedies for satisfaction.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 8. HOSPITALS AND NURSING HOMES

  1. 44-14-470Lien on causes of action accruing to injured person for costs of care and treatment of injuries arising out of such causes of action.
  2. 44-14-471Filing of verified statement; contents; notice.
  3. 44-14-472Duties of clerk; lien book; fee.
  4. 44-14-473Effect of covenant not to bring an action; action to enforce lien; limitation; affidavit of payment.
  5. 44-14-474Exemptions from part.
  6. 44-14-475Effect of part on settlement before entry into hospital, nursing home, or traumatic burn care medical facility.
  7. 44-14-476No independent right of action.
  8. 44-14-477False swearing in affidavits under Code Section 44-14-473.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 9. VETERINARIANS AND BOARDERS OF ANIMALS

  1. 44-14-490Lien for treatment, board, or care of animal; right to retain possession.
  2. 44-14-491Notice to owner; sale or disposal of animal; liability.
  3. 44-14-492Disposition of sale proceeds.
  4. 44-14-493Necessity of other legal proceedings.
  5. 44-14-494Criminal liability under Code Section 44-14-491.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 10. MISCELLANEOUS LIENS

  1. 44-14-510Lien of officers and employees on watercraft; priorities.
  2. 44-14-511Liens on offspring of stallions, jacks, bulls or boars; necessity of recordation; recording fee; priorities.
  3. 44-14-512Lien for hauling lumber, stocks, or logs.
  4. 44-14-513Liens in favor of planing mills and similiar establishments.
  5. 44-14-514Liens of laborers at mills and similar establishments.
  6. 44-14-515Liens for articles furnished to sawmills; priorities.
  7. 44-14-516Liens on merchandise because of bad checks or stop payment orders.
  8. 44-14-517Filing liens imposed under federal Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986.
  9. 44-14-518Liens on aircraft or aircraft engines for labor and materials and for contracts of indemnity.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 11. FORECLOSURE OF LIENS ON REALTY

  1. 44-14-530Manner of foreclosure; attachment of lien; proceeds of judicial sale; trial of claim; damages; effect of delivery of possessions.
  2. 44-14-531Right of transferee to foreclose.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 12. FORECLOSURE OF LIENS ON PERSONALTY

  1. 44-14-550Manner of foreclosure; demand; forfeiture of lien; affidavit; notice; petition for and conduct of probable cause hearing; possession; bond; petition for full hearing; authorization of foreclosure; damages; limitation.
  2. 44-14-551Judgment on replevy bonds.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 13. REGISTRATION OF LIENS FOR FEDERAL TAXES

  1. 44-14-570Purpose.
  2. 44-14-571Filing of federal tax liens on realty and personalty.
  3. 44-14-572When notices and certificates affecting tax liens entitled to be filed; certification by secretary of treasury.
  4. 44-14-573Filing of federal tax lien, notice or revocation of certificate, or certificate of discharge.
  5. 44-14-574Fees; billing procedure.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 14. BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS

  1. 44-14-590Recording of bankruptcy petition, decree, or order; fees.
  2. 44-14-591Effect of failure to record petition, decree, or order as to bona fide purchaser or lienor of real property.

Article 8. LIENS · Part 15. COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE BROKER LIENS

  1. 44-14-600Short title.
  2. 44-14-601Definitions.
  3. 44-14-602Lien on commercial real estate for broker’s compensation.
  4. 44-14-603Priority of liens.
  5. 44-14-604Escrow to release claim for lien that would prevent closing of transaction or conveyance.
  6. 44-14-605Release or satisfaction of lien on occurrence of condition precluding broker from receiving compensation; suit to enforce lien; when lien invalid; when right to file and record lien dissolved.

Article 9. LIS PENDENS

  1. 44-14-610Necessity of recordation for operation of lis pendens as to real property.
  2. 44-14-611Lis pendens docket; indexing; recording fees.
  3. 44-14-612Entry of dismissal, settlement, or final judgment.
  4. 44-14-613Effect of article on other laws.