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Senate · Engrossed · 2025-2026 Regular Session

SB 454: Regulation of Fire and Other Hazards; use of temporary door locking devices in public buildings during certain emergency situations; authorize

Last action April 2, 2026 · House Committee Favorably Reported By Substitute

A Georgia Senate bill would let public buildings use temporary door locking devices during active threats or lockdown drills, and let schools install police key boxes for emergency access.

Read the full bill text

These buttons carry the bill's own text, not the summaries below. Copy for LLM, View as markdown, and Send to AI use the Markdown version: the text as filed, then the summaries under a heading that names them as ours. View raw is the text alone.

The summaries below were written by an AI model (claude-sonnet-5) from the text of the bill and are not part of it. Quote the text, not the summary. The stored text is the Comm Sub version, the latest the General Assembly's website lists.

In plain language

Georgia law does not currently address temporary door locking devices used during active shooter situations or lockdowns, or set standards for emergency key boxes at schools. This bill fills that gap. It adds a new section to the fire safety code (O.C.G.A. § 25-2-37.1) allowing public buildings, including government buildings, religious organizations, medical facilities, child care centers, and schools, to use temporary devices that lock doors from the inside during emergencies or drills, with safety requirements such as a 48-inch maximum installation height and no permanent modification to fire exit hardware. The bill also adds a section to the school loitering law (O.C.G.A. § 20-2-1187) letting local school boards or private school governing bodies install exterior key boxes so local police can quickly access buildings in an emergency. Schools, school systems, and their employees are shielded from civil lawsuits over installing or using these key boxes unless an employee acted with gross negligence or bad faith.

What the bill does

  • Creates a new Georgia Code section (25-2-37.1) authorizing temporary door locking devices in public buildings during active threat situations or lockdown drills.
  • Sets technical safety standards for these devices, including a 48-inch maximum mounting height and a rule against modifying fire exit hardware or affecting a door's fire rating.
  • Requires devices used on fire exits or hallways leading to fire exits to get prior approval from a local fire department, fire marshal, or law enforcement agency.
  • Directs the state Fire Safety Commissioner to write rules and regulations to implement the new law.
  • Authorizes public and private K-12 school governing bodies to install UL-certified exterior key boxes so police can get emergency building access.
  • Grants schools, school systems, local governments, and their employees immunity from civil lawsuits over key box installation and use, unless an employee acted with gross negligence or bad faith.

Who it affects

Public buildings generally, including government offices, religious organizations, medical facilities, child care centers, colleges, and schools; building owners and staff who must integrate the devices into safety plans; local fire departments, fire marshals, and police agencies; and public and private K-12 school boards, school employees, and local governments covered by the new liability immunity.

Why it matters

Buildings would gain a legal, standardized way to quickly lock doors during an active threat without violating fire codes, and schools could give police a faster way into buildings during emergencies. The liability shield could also make schools and local governments harder to sue over injuries connected to these devices.

Key provisions

  • Section 1 adds O.C.G.A. § 25-2-37.1, defining 'public building' broadly and defining 'temporary door locking device' with technical requirements (single-operation removal, no key needed from inside, no permanent door modification).
  • Subsection (b) limits use of these devices to active threat situations or drills, requires installation no higher than 48 inches, and requires the devices be built into safety plans and staff training.
  • Subsection (c) requires devices used on fire exits or exit routes to be approved in advance by fire or law enforcement officials.
  • Subsection (d) directs the Commissioner to adopt implementing rules and regulations.
  • Section 2 adds O.C.G.A. § 20-2-1187, letting K-12 school governing bodies install at least one exterior key box meeting Underwriters Laboratories Standard 1037.
  • Subsection (b) requires the key box location to allow police emergency access and to contain keys or access devices for the entire school grounds.
  • Subsection (d) grants civil immunity to schools, school systems, local governments, and their employees over key box installation and use, except for employee gross negligence or bad faith.
  • Section 3 repeals conflicting laws.

From the bill

“A temporary door locking device may be used in a public building to secure a door to a room, or to secure a fire exit, hallway, corridor, or entranceway leading to a fire exit”

This defines where these emergency locking devices may legally be used.

“Used only during an emergency active threat situation or drill, including, but not limited to, sheltering in place or lockdown”

This limits use of the devices strictly to emergencies and drills, not everyday locking.

“Employees of local boards of education, other public and private school governing bodies, local school systems, other public and private schools, and local governments and agencies shall be immune from civil liability for any damages arising out of the installation and use of key boxes”

This shields school and government employees from lawsuits over key box use unless they acted with gross negligence or bad faith.

Discussed in meetings (15)

The House and Senate meetings that took this bill up, from their machine transcripts. Each account was written by Georgia Commons with AI and is not part of the record; the video is what was said.

  1. Senate Public Safety Committee, February 18, 2026

    From 1:53:12 · Watch on the General Assembly's Vimeo channel

    Summary by Georgia Commons: The chair said the committee had run out of time and would hear SB 454 on Monday at 1 p.m. No presentation, debate or vote on the bill occurred.

  2. Senate Public Safety Committee, February 23, 2026

    From 0:19:58 · Watch on the General Assembly's Vimeo channel

    Summary by Georgia Commons: The sponsor said the bill would authorize temporary door-locking devices in public buildings during active threats or drills, replacing improvised lockdown measures with safety, training and oversight requirements. The sponsor described requirements for removal without a key from inside, protection of fire-door functions, inclusion in emergency plans and training, and access to plans for first responders. The sponsor said use on fire exits or exit pathways would require approval from a fire or law-enforcement authority. After confusion over versions, the committee considered the original bill. The chair said legislative counsel advised that federal disability protections applied without adding language. One committee member asked whether someone intending harm could use a device to trap people inside a classroom. The sponsor acknowledged that possibility. The chair said firefighters could force entry quickly. No public witnesses spoke. The committee approved the bill with one opposing vote and advanced it to the Senate Rules Committee.

  3. Senate Rules Committee, February 25, 2026

    From 0:28:23 · Watch on the General Assembly's Vimeo channel

    Summary by Georgia Commons: The sponsor said the bill would address door-blocking safety devices for school-shooter emergencies and specify what the fire code would allow. The sponsor said the devices would not violate the Americans with Disabilities Act. No questions followed, and the bill was not selected for the floor calendar.

  4. Senate Rules Committee, March 3, 2026

    From 0:18:13 · Watch on the General Assembly's Vimeo channel

    Summary by Georgia Commons: The sponsor said SB 454 would allow temporary door-locking devices during emergencies at schools and day cares to prevent people from breaking in. The sponsor said the devices would comply with fire codes and disability-access requirements. Another presenter briefly began discussing the bill before the chair clarified that it had already been presented. Members selected it for the calendar as part of the approved slate.

  5. Senate Rules Committee, March 5, 2026

    From 1:21:42 · Watch on the General Assembly's Vimeo channel

    Summary by Georgia Commons: The chair listed SB 454 among bills carried over from the previous day for return to the floor calendar. Its provisions were not discussed. The committee unanimously approved the calendar package.

  6. Senate floor session, March 6, 2026 (legislative day 28, part 1)

    From 7:05:52 · Watch on the General Assembly's Vimeo channel · Confirmed by the bill's status history (Senate Tabled)

    Summary by Georgia Commons: The sponsor said SB 454 would allow temporary door-locking devices in public buildings, especially schools, during active-threat emergencies and drills. The sponsor said the Department of Insurance supported the measure, it did not favor a particular product, and staff and first responders would be trained before use. The sponsor also said the devices would keep intruders out without trapping occupants inside or compromising fire safety. No questions or opposing speeches followed. The Senate passed the bill, 51 to 0.

  7. House Public Safety and Homeland Security Committee, March 11, 2026

    From 0:22:14 · Watch on the General Assembly's Vimeo channel

    Summary by Georgia Commons: The sponsor said the bill would allow temporary door-locking devices to protect students and teachers from intruders while allowing occupants to leave by turning the door handle. The sponsor said first responders would receive notice and become familiar with the devices before use, and that the devices could not conflict with disability-access requirements. The sponsor also said the state fire marshal had approved this type of equipment. One committee member asked whether doors would have signs or dispatch systems would identify buildings using the devices. The sponsor acknowledged that the bill did not require those measures and expressed willingness to consider them, but no signage amendment was offered. Another member emphasized that using the devices would be optional. The chair offered an amendment incorporating school emergency-access provisions from HB 1327, including key boxes where suitable access arrangements were not already in place. The committee adopted the amendment and approved the amended bill by voice votes, with no opposition heard.

  8. House Rules Committee, March 16, 2026

    From 0:35:05 · Watch on the General Assembly's Vimeo channel

    Summary by Georgia Commons: The sponsor said SB 454 would allow door-blocking safety devices in schools and daycare settings. The sponsor said the devices were approved by the fire marshal and compliant with disability-access requirements. The sponsor also described an added outside lockbox with a key to allow first responders entry during a lockdown or shooting. Asked whether the proposal was limited to one provider, the sponsor said multiple providers could supply the equipment and that first responders would be briefed and conduct drills. No vote or calendar action followed.

  9. House Rules Committee, March 27, 2026

    From 1:09:50 · Watch on the General Assembly's Vimeo channel

    Summary by Georgia Commons: The chair requested a motion to return SB 454 to the Public Safety Committee. After a motion and second, the committee approved the return without stated opposition. No discussion of the bill’s contents occurred.

  10. House Public Safety and Homeland Security Committee, April 1, 2026

    From 0:18:31 · Watch on the General Assembly's Vimeo channel

    Summary by Georgia Commons: The chair said SB 454 combined two legislators’ bills and described changes to its school lockbox provision. The chair explained that replacing a requirement with permission would allow, rather than require, elementary and secondary schools to install at least one exterior lockbox. The chair also said the changes removed an exception for schools whose governing bodies had implemented a documented, formal process, because that exception was unnecessary once installation became optional. A committee member moved to adopt the bill as amended, and another member seconded the motion. No substantive questions or further discussion followed. The motion passed by voice vote, with no opposition heard.

Status timeline

  1. 2026-04-02House Committee Favorably Reported By Substitute (House)
  2. 2026-03-27House Withdrawn, Recommitted (House)
  3. 2026-03-12House Committee Favorably Reported By Substitute (House)
  4. 2026-03-10House Second Readers (House)
  5. 2026-03-09House First Readers (House)
  6. 2026-03-06Senate Passed/Adopted (Senate)
  7. 2026-03-06Senate Third Read (Senate)
  8. 2026-03-06Senate Taken from Table (Senate)
Show full history (13 actions)
  1. 2026-03-06Senate Tabled (Senate)
  2. 2026-02-25Senate Read Second Time (Senate)
  3. 2026-02-24Senate Committee Favorably Reported (Senate)
  4. 2026-02-03Senate Read and Referred (Senate)
  5. 2026-02-02Senate Hopper (Senate)

Sponsors

  • Rick Williams (R, SD-25)Primary sponsor
  • John Albers (R, SD-56)
  • Randy Robertson (R, SD-29)
  • Jason Anavitarte (R, SD-31)
  • Lee Anderson (R, SD-24)
  • Shawn Still (R, SD-48)
  • Bo Hatchett (R, SD-50)
  • Greg Dolezal (R, SD-27)
  • Russ Goodman (R, SD-8)
  • Clint Dixon (R, SD-45)
  • Frank Ginn (R, SD-47)
  • Drew Echols (R, SD-49)
  • Chuck Payne (R, SD-54)
  • Jason Ridley (R, HD-6)

Votes

  1. PassedSenate voteMarch 6, 2026

    51 yea, 0 nay (2 not voting, 2 excused)

    PASSAGE: Senate Vote #661

Topics

  • school safety
  • fire code
  • building security
  • active shooter response
  • liability immunity

Ask about this bill

Answers come from this document. Not legal advice.

Machine-readable https://georgiacommons.org/bills/2025-2026/sb454.md · https://georgiacommons.org/bills/index.md · MCP https://mcp.georgiacommons.org/mcp